LIFE HISTORY: REFERENCES

Arnold, K.E., and I.P.F. Owens 1998. Cooperative breeding in birds: a comparative test of the life history hypothesis. Proceedings of The Royal Society B. Biological Sciences 265: 739-745.

Bendire, C. 1892. Bald Eagles. In Life Histories of North American Birds: with Special Reference to their Breeding Habits and Eggs (Smithsonian Institution: Washington, DC), pp. 274-280.

Bentley, G.E., K. Tsutsui, and J.C. Wingfield 2007. Endocrinology of reproduction. In B.J.M. Jamieson (ed.) Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Birds, Part A: Phylogeny, Morphology, Hormones, Fertilization Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny, ed. B.J.M. Jamieson (Science Publishers: Enfield, NH), Ch. 5, pp. 181-242.

Buehler, D.A. 2022. Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Birds of the World, ed. P.G. Rodewald and S.G. Mlodinow (Cornell Lab of Ornithology). https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home.

Cavé, A.J. 1968. The breeding of the Kestrel, Falco tinnunculus, in the reclaimed area of Oostelijk Flevoland. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 18: 313-407.

Dawson, A. 1997. Circannual rhythms in starlings. In S. Harvey and R.J. Etches (eds.) Perspectives in Avian Endocrinology (Wiley-Blackwell: Bristol, England), pp. 149-158.

——— 2007. Seasonality in a temperate zone bird can be entrained by near equatorial photoperiods. Proceedings of The Royal Society B. Biological Sciences 274: 721-725.

——— 2008. Control of the annual cycle in birds: endocrine constraints and plasticity in response to ecological variability. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 363: 1621-1633.

Dawson, A., and A.R. Goldsmith 1997. Changes in gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH-I) in the pre-optic area and median eminence of starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) during the recovery of photosensitivity and during photostimulation. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 111: 1-6.

Dawson, A., V.M. King, G.E. Bentley, and G.F. Ball 2001. Photoperiodic control of seasonality in birds. Journal of Biological Rhythms 16: 365-380.

Dawson, A., and P.J. Sharp 2007. Photorefractoriness in birds–photoperiodic and non-photoperiodic control. General and Comparative Endocrinology 153: 378-384.

Duerr, A.E., T. A. Miller, M. Lanzone, D. Brandes, J. Cooper, K. O’Malley, C. Maisonneuve, J. A. Tremblay, and T. Katzner 2015. Flight response of slope-soaring birds to seasonal variation in thermal generation. Functional Ecology 29: 779–790.

Gill, F.B. 2007. The annual cycles of birds. In Ornithology (W. H. Freeman and Company: New York), Ch. 9, pp. 245-271.

——— 2007. Avian life histories. In Ornithology (W. H. Freeman and Company: New York), pp. 333-530.

Gwinner, E. (ed.) 1990. Bird Migration: Physiology and ecophysiology (Springer-Verlag: Berlin).

——— 2003. Circannual rhythms in birds. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 13: 770-778.

Gwinner, E., and R. Brandstätter 2001. Complex bird clocks. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 256: 1801-1810.

Gwinner, E., and A. Scheuerlein 1998. Seasonal changes in day-light intensity as a potential zeitgeber of circannual rhythms in equatorial Stonechats. Journal of Ornithology 139: 407-412.

——— 1999. Photoperiodic responsiveness of equatorial and temperate-zone Stonechats. The Condor 101: 347-359.

Hahn, T.P., and S.A. MacDougall-Shackleton 2008. Adaptive specialization, conditional plasticity and phylogenetic history in the reproductive cue response systems of birds. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 363: 267-286.

Hahn, T.P., H.E. Watts, J.M. Cornelius, K.R. Brazeal, and S.A. MacDougall-Shackleton 2009. Evolution of environmental cue response mechanisms: adaptive variation in photorefractoriness. General and Comparative Endocrinology 163: 193-200.

Harmata, A.R., G.T. Montopoli, B. Oakleaf, P.J. Harmata, and M. Restani 1999. Movements and survival of Bald Eagles banded in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. The Journal of Wildlife Management 63: 781-793.

Hau, M. 2001. Timing of breeding in variable environments: tropical birds as model systems. Hormones and Behavior 40: 281-290.

Hau, M., N. Perfito, and I.T. Moore 2008. Timing of breeding in tropical birds: mechanisms and evolutinary implications. Ornitologia Neotropical 19: 61-67.

Hau, M., M. Wikelski, H. Gwinner, and E. Gwinner 2004. Timing of reproduction in a Darwin’s finch: temporal opportunism under spatial constraints. Oikos 106: 489-500.

Hau, M., M. Wikelski, and J.C. Wingfield 1998. A neotropical forest bird can measure the slight changes in tropical photoperiod. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 265: 89-95.

Hedenström, A. 2006. Scaling of migration and the annual cycle of birds. Ardea 94: 399–408.

Immelmann, K. 1973. Role of the environment in reproduction as a source of “predictive” information. In D.S. Farner (ed.) Breeding biology of birds: Proceedings of a symposium on breeding behavior and reproductive physiology in birds, Denver, Colorado February 1972 (National Academy of Sciences: Washington, DC), pp. 121-157.

Jacobs, J.D., and J.C. Wingfield 2000. Endocrine control of life-cycle stages: a contrast on response to the environment? The Condor 102: 35-51.

Lessells C. (Kate) K. 2008. Neuroendocrine control of life histories: what do we need to know to understand the evolution of phenotypic plasticity? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 363(1497): 1589–1598.

MacDougall-Shackleton, S.A., and T.P. Hahn 2007. Adaptation and evolution of photoperiod response systems in birds. Journal of Ornithology 148: 219-224.

MacDougall-Shackleton, S.A., T.J. Stevenson, H.E. Watts, M.E. Pereyra, and T.P. Hahn 2009. The evolution of photoperiod response systems and seasonal GnRH plasticity in birds. Integrative and Comparative Biology 49: 580-589.

McCollough, M.A., C.S. Todd, and R.B.O. Jr. 1994. Supplemental feeding program for wintering Bald Eagles in Maine. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22: 147–154.

Newton, I. 1979. Population Ecology of Raptors (T. & A. D. Poyser Ltd. and Buteo Books: Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England and Vermillion, SD).

Pietiäinen, A., Saurola, P. & Kolunen, A. 1984. The reproductive constraints on molt in the Ural Owl (Strix uralensis). Annales Zoologia Fennici 21: 277–281.

Pyle, P. 2005. Remigial molt patterns in North American Faliconiformes as related to age, sex, breeding status, and life-history strategies. The Condor 107: 823–834.

Rohwer, S. 2008. A primer on summarizing molt data for flight feathers. The Condor 110: 799–806.

Rohwer, V.G.R., S. 2013. How do birds adjust the time required to replace their flight feathers? Auk 130: 699–707.

Servheen, C., and W. English 1979. Movements of rehabilitated Bald Eagles and proposed seasonal movement patterns of Bald Eagles in the Pacific Northwest. Raptor Research 13: 79–88.

Sharp, P.J. 1996. Strategies in avian breeding cycles. Animal Reproduction Science 42: 505-513.

——— 2005. Photoperiodic regulation of seasonal breeding in birds. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1040: 189-199.

Sharp, P.J., and D. Blache 2003. A neuroendocrine model for prolactin as the key mediator of seasonal breeding in birds under long- and short-day photoperiods. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 81: 350-358.

Silverin, B., J.C. Wingfield, K.-A. Stokkan, R. Massa, A. Järvinen, N.-Å. Andersson, M. Lambrechts, A. Sorace, and D. Blomqvist 2008. Ambient temperature effects on photo induced gonadal cycles and hormonal secretion patterns in Great Tits from three different breeding latitudes. Hormones and Behavior 54: 60-68.

Southern, W.E. 1963 Winter population, behavior, and seasonal dispersal of Bald Eagles in northwestern Illinois. The Wilson Bulletin 75: 43-55.

Takashi, Y. 2010. Neuroendocrine mechanism of seasonal reproduction in birds and mammals. Animal Science Journal 81: 403-410.

Terrill, R.S. 2018. Feather growth rate increases with latitude in four species of widespread resident Neotropical birds. Auk 135: 1055-1063.

van Buskirk, J. 2012. Changes in the annual cycle of North American raptors associated with recent shifts in migration timing. Auk 129: 691–698.

Watts, B.D. 2014 James River eagles continue historic rise. (The Center for Conservation Biology).

Wingfield, J.C. 2005. Flexibility in annual cycles of birds: implications for endocrine control mechanisms. Journal of Ornithology 146: 291-304.

Wingfield, J.C., and D.S. Farner 1978. The endocrinology of a natural breeding population of the White-Crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis). Physiological Zoology 51: 188-205.

Wingfield, J.C., J.D. Jacobs, A.D. Tramontin, N. Perfito, S. Meddle, D.L. Maney, and K. Soma 1999. Toward an ecological basis of hormone-behavior interactions in reproduction of birds. In K. Wallen and J.E. Schneider (eds.) Reproduction in Context: Social and Environmental Influences on Reproduction (The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA), pp. 85-128.

——— 1999. Toward an ecological basis of hormone-behavior interactions in reproduction of birds. In K. Wallen and J.E. Schneider (eds.) Reproduction in context (The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA), pp. 85-128.

Wingfield, J.C., H. Schwabl, and P.W. Mattocks, Jr. 1990. Endocrine mechanisms of migration. In E. Gwinner (ed.) Bird Migration: Physiology and Ecophysiology (Springer-Verlag: Berlin), pp. 232-256.

Wingfield, J.C., and B. Silverin 2009. Ecophysiological studies of hormone–behavior relations in birds. In D.W. Pfaff, A.P. Arnold, A.M. Etgen, S.E. Fahrbach and R.T. Rubin (eds.) Hormones, Brain and Behavior. 2nd ed. (Academic Press: San Diego), Ch. 24, pp. 817-855.

Wingfield, J.C., C.S. Whaling, and P. Marler 1994. Communication in vertebrate aggression and reproduction: the role of hormones. In E. Knobil and J.D. Neill (eds.) The Physiology of Reproduction. 2nd ed. (Raven Press, Ltd.: New York), Ch. 38, pp. 303-342.

Winkler, D.W. 2004. Nests, eggs, and young: breeding biology of birds. In S. Podulka, J. Ronald W. Rohrbaugh and R. Bonney (eds.) Handbook of Bird Biology (Cornell Lab of Ornithology: Ithaca, NY), Ch. 8, pp. 8-1 – 8-152.

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