EAGLET GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: REFERENCES

Bent, A.C. 1937. Life Histories of North American Birds of Prey: Order Falconiformes. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1984a. Criteria for determining age and sex of nestling Bald Eagles. Journal of Field Ornithology 55:467-481.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1984c. Sexual size dimorphism and age-related size variation in Bald Eagles. The Journal of Wildlife Management 48:72-81.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1984d. Physical development of nestling Bald Eagles with emphasis on the timing of growth events. The Wilson Bulletin 96:524-542.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1986a. Evolution of growth rates in eagles: sibling competition vs. energy considerations. Ecology 67:182-194.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1986b. Influence of sibling competition on nestling sex ratios of sexually dimorphic birds. The American Naturalist 127:495-507.

Bortolotti, G.R. 1989. Factors influencing the growth of Bald Eagles in north central Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 67:606-611.

Bostwick, Kimberly 2016. Feathers and plumages. Chapter 4 in The Cornell Lab of Ornithology Handbook of Bird Biology. 3rd ed. Ed. I.J. Lovette and J.W. Fitzpatrick. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.

Gerrard, J.M., A.R. Harmata, and P.N. Gerrard 1992. Home range and activity of a pair of Bald Eagles breeding in northern Saskatchewan. Journal of Raptor Research 26:229-234.

Gerrard, J.M., and G.R. Bortolotti 1988. The Bald Eagle: Haunts and Habits of a Wilderness Monarch. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Gerrard, J.M., P.N. Gerrard, P.N. Gerrard, G.R. Bortolotti, and E.H. Dzus 1992. A 24-year study of Bald Eagles on Besnard Lake, Saskatchewan. Journal of Raptor Research 26:159-166.

Gilbert, S., P. Tomassoni, and P.A. Kramer. 1981. History of Captive Management and Breeding of Bald Eagles at the National Zoological Park. International Zoo Yearbook 21:101-109.

Gill, Frank B. 2007. Ornithology. 3rd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.

Hanson, Thor. 2011. Feathers: The Evolution of a Natural Miracle. New York: Basic Books.

Herrick, F.H. 1934. The American Eagle: A Study in Natural and Civil History. New York, London: D. Appleton-Century Co.

Sharpe, P.B. 1997-2017. Channel Islands Report & Annual Reports 1997-2017. Arcata, CA: Institute for Wildlife Studies.

Jones, Lynds 1907. The Development of Nestling Feathers. Ph.D. dissertation. The University of Chicago, Department of Zoology.

Maestrelli, J.R. and S.N. Wiemeyer 1975. Breeding Bald Eagles in captivity. The Wilson Bulletin 87:45-53.

Newton, Alfred 1893-1896. A Dictionary of Birds. London: Adam and Charles Black.

Nielsen, S. 1991. A Season with Eagles. Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press.

Palmer, R.S., ed. 1988. Handbook of North American Birds vol. 4: Family Cathartidae, New World Condors and Vultures; Family Accipitridae (first part), Osprey, kites, Bald Eagle and Allies, Accipiters, Harrier, Buteo Allies. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

Pettingill, Olin Sewall, Jr. 1985. Ornithology in Laboratory and Field. 5th edition. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.

Proctor, Noble S. and Patrick J. Lynch 1993. Manual of Ornithology: Avian Structure & Function. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

Prum, Richard O. 1999. Development and evolutionary origin of feathers. Journal of Experimental Zoology 285:291-306.

Scanes, C.G. 2015. Sturkie’s Avian Physiology. 6th ed. London, Waltham, MA, and San Diego CA: Academic Press.

Southern, W.E. 1964. Additional observations on winter Bald Eagle populations: including remarks on biotelemetry techniques and immature plumages. The Wilson Bulletin 64:121-137.

Stalmaster, M.V. 1987. The Bald Eagle. New York: Universe Books.

Starck, J.M. 1993. Evolution of avian ontogenies. Current Ornithology 10:275-383.

Starck, J.M., and R.E. Ricklefs. 1998. Avian Growth and Development : Evolution within the Altricial-precocial Spectrum. New York: Oxford University Press.

Stettenheim, Peter R. 2000. The integumentary morphology of modern birds—an overview. American Zoology 40:461-477.

Voitkevich, A.A. 1966 The Feathers and Plumage of Birds. London: Sidgwick & Jackson.

Wright, B.S. 1953. The relation of Bald Eagles to breeding ducks in New Brunswick. The Journal of Wildlife Management 17:55-62.

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